Detection and Quantitative Determination of Heavy Metals in Electronic Cigarette (Vaping) Refill Liquids

Abstract

Electronic cigarettes (E-cigarettes) are a smoking cessation option for traditional cigarette smokers. It gained popularity among current smokers and former non-smokers, according to current knowledge. Research at various levels showed that e-cigarettes are dangerous. This review offers a summary of E-cigarettes toxicity based on current in vivo and in vitro studies. We also go through the toxicity components found in e-cigarettes, as well as the possible mechanism by which e-cigarettes cause damage. Heavy metals in conventional cigarettes and e-cigarettes have a certain level of toxicity, as we all know. Metals like nickel, cadmium, lead, zinc, aluminum, chromium, manganese and tin, have been reported to be present in e-cigarette aerosols, dispenser, and/or e-liquid A few studies have also found that the propylene glycol and vegetable glycerin mixture, as well as flavoring agents in e-cigarettes, are other components that cause negative effects in animals or cells.