Occurrence of Multidrug Resistant Pseudomonas Aeruginosa from Dermal Infections in Toba Tek Singh

Abstract

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most important nosocomial pathogens and ranked 4^th among the nosocomial pathogens.  It is an opportunistic Gram-negative bacterium. It is a non-glucose fermenter rod. It has an aerobic nature. It has mucoid polysaccharide capsule usually arranged in pairs. It causes nosocomial infections in intensive care units (ICU). Dermal infection is the major nosocomial problem of well-developed countries and one-third operated cases in developing countries having nosocomial infections. Various antibiotics are used as a first line agents to treat these infections. Resistance induced when the enzymes beta lactamases and carbapenemases are produced. Irrational use of antibiotics leads to antibiotic resistant. These resistant bacterial strains cause high mortality and morbidity worldwide. The study was conducted to search the occurrence of MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its antimicrobial resistance pattern from Toba Tek Singh. Samples was collected from dermal infections and isolation was done by culturing on cetrimide agar using streak plate method. Identification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was done by Gram staining and further biochemical tests. Molecular identification of the isolates was carried out through PCR by using specific primers against OprL gene of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was achieved through Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion technique. Out of total 100 samples 21 (21%) isolates were identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Out of positive 21 samples 12 samples were identified as multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Out of 12 MDR samples, pus wounds has the highest occurrence (50%) but the least occurrence (17%) found in the surgical wounds. It was concluded from the recent study that pus wound has the highest occurrence of MDR P. aeruginosa. Appropriate steps to mitigate this danger to public health should be taken.