Frequency of Mortality and Risk Factors Associated to Acute Myocardial Infarction in Pakistan

Abstract

Aim: To determine the frequency of mortality and risk factors associated to acute myocardial infarction.

Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted at cardiology ward of tertiary care hospital Karachi. We enrolled 165 patients with acute myocardial infarction. We assessed the risk factors and mortality of the patients. Chi square test was applied for association between risk factors and mortality.

Results: We conducted this study on 165 patients. Mean age was 49.93±9.91 years. Males were 96 (58.2%) while the female patients were 69 (41.8%). Mortality in acute myocardial infarction patients was 12.1%. Risk factors of acute myocardial infarction were, age greater than 40 years 139 (84.2%), obesity 23 (13.9%), diabetes 37 (22.4%), hypertension 57 (34.5%), family history of cardiovascular diseases 32 (19.4%), smoking 20 (12.1%) and elevated cholesterol levels 14 (8.5%). Obesity, diabetes, hypertension, smoking and elevated cholesterol levels were significantly associated with mortality among AMI patients.

Conclusion: We conclude that the frequency of mortality in acute myocardial infarction patients was 12.1%, age greater than forty, diabetes, hypertension, smoking, family history of cardiovascular diseases and elevated cholesterol levels were risk factors of acute myocardial infarction.